The “growing the pie” metaphor has never been about growing all the pieces proportionately. It’s an illustration of how economic growth and Pareto optimization works: you can have a bigger slice (be richer) AND less of the pie (economy grew faster).
When I hear it nowadays, especially from politicians, it sounds more like another way to say “rising tide lifts all ships.” I think it’s taken on a more jingoistic meaning colloquially.