That doesn't sound right, search around in the BIOS for "Platform Trust Technology" or "PTT". If it's disabled, change it to enabled.

Just enabled PTT in the BIOS, but the tool still says my computer is not compatible (but it doesn't tell me exactly why).

You probably only have the header on your motherboard, without a tpm module actually plugged in. Mine was like this, and the specs for your motherboard suggest this is also the case for you. You can buy them on online pretty cheap (I got one for $20)

PTT is part of the CPU, no external TPM module is necessary. PTT is Intel's implementation, AMD have something similar called fTPM.

You do not need any external module on machines with fTPM/PTT support (i.e. if you bought it in the last few years).

You're right! And now I qualify for the win 11 beta. Looks like I got confused between two different security setting pages in the UEFI menu, and had just enabled "the ability for it to use a TPM plugged in to the header" instead of enabling PPT like I thought I was doing.