Warp Speed is a mix of R&D funding and of guarantees to purchase a given number of doses if the vaccine is approved. Some companies get both, some just get a purchase guarantee. (I don't know if any got R&D funding without a purchase guarantee).
The EU has been doing commitments to purchase if approved with substantial down payments to promote R&D. Japan has been doing purchase commitments, but I don't know if they have paid any upfront.
For Moderna, they got both a lot of upfront R&D funding and large purchase commitments from Warp Speed. They got a large purchase commitment from the EU.
For Pfizer, they got no R&D funding from Warp Speed but a 100 m purchase commitment. From the EU they got a 300 m purchase commitment and a big down payment. They got a 120 m dose commitment from Japan.
AstraZenica got a big down payment in the EU and a large dose commitment, and they got R&D funding and a large dose commitment from Warp Speed.
I believe this is how it is going with all the major COVID vaccine efforts.
Warp Speed is a mix of R&D funding and of guarantees to purchase a given number of doses if the vaccine is approved. Some companies get both, some just get a purchase guarantee. (I don't know if any got R&D funding without a purchase guarantee).
The EU has been doing commitments to purchase if approved with substantial down payments to promote R&D. Japan has been doing purchase commitments, but I don't know if they have paid any upfront.
For Moderna, they got both a lot of upfront R&D funding and large purchase commitments from Warp Speed. They got a large purchase commitment from the EU.
For Pfizer, they got no R&D funding from Warp Speed but a 100 m purchase commitment. From the EU they got a 300 m purchase commitment and a big down payment. They got a 120 m dose commitment from Japan.
AstraZenica got a big down payment in the EU and a large dose commitment, and they got R&D funding and a large dose commitment from Warp Speed.
I believe this is how it is going with all the major COVID vaccine efforts.